A comparison between growth of direct and pulse current electrodeposited crystalline SnO2 films; electrochemical properties for application in lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Tin oxide (SnO 2 ) films were electrodeposited on graphite substrates using direct and pulse current electrodeposition techniques. The influence of applied density the morphological properties, crystal structure, electrochemical behavior resulting studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Mott–Schottky analysis, cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy results showed that have porous flower-like morphology with smaller crystallite size high donor in comparison include equiaxed particles their morphologies, such characteristics give them better performance (higher degree reversibility, higher specific capacitance, faster lithium-ion diffusion) than those synthesized conventional method. Furthermore, densities leads to improvement SnO films’ due formation finer more porosity oxygen vacancies respective structure.